Идентификация кластеров в экономике и модель их функционирования

Abstract

The article analyzes the results of operation of cluster structures in foreign countries and the Russian Federation. The attention is paid to communication of trends of economy clustering and its competitiveness. A ranking of countries by the index of global competitiveness is made. Modern trends of clustering of the Russian economy are revealed: the formation of cluster structures is examined according to years, regions of Russia; the most popular key specializations of clusters available in the country are identified. The process of functioning of the economy cluster is modeled, representing its members, certain functional relations between them and the interaction mechanisms that are necessary to enhance economic efficiency and technical and technological modernization of a cluster as a form of concentration of production on the final product. A procedure for the identification of clusters in the economy is presented, based on the consistent implementation of the suggested steps.